• After activation AKT phosphorylates target proteins involved

  2021-03-30

  

  After activation, AKT phosphorylates target proteins involved in cell growth, metabolism and survival (Manning and Cantley, 2007). For example, AKT phosphorylates the pro-apoptotic protein BAD, preventing it from binding to and inactivating Bcl-xL in mitochondria (Datta et al., 1997). In turn, Bcl-x

• br Oxidoreductase like MEM for prodrug

  2021-03-30

  

  Oxidoreductase-like MEM for prodrug activation Future outlook Although MEM-mediated prodrug activation has been performed by different MEMs and prodrugs, and their effectiveness have been proved in vivo, only a few types of MEMs or prodrugs have been explored in prodrug activation until now [2

• A growing body of data indicates that endothelial NOS

  2021-03-30

  

  A growing body of data indicates that endothelial NOS (eNOS) is a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), its downstream benzbromarone molecule. High pathological concentrations of NO produced from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induce apoptosis, whereas a reduction in the concen

• It is believed that emphysema in

  2021-03-30

  

  It is believed that emphysema in smokers is mediated by proteases released from inflammatory 324 4 that cause destruction of the extracellular matrix in alveolar septa [1]. Metalloprotease-12 is mainly released by macrophages and is considered the enzyme responsible for emphysematous lesions in exp

• In conclusion this study indicated that D

  2021-03-30

  

  In conclusion, this study indicated that D. tripetala and A. melengueta extracts inhibited CYP 3A enzyme both in vitro and in vivo. Although these inhibitions may appear to be weak from the US FDA classification point of view, caution must be applied in the concurrent use of herbal preparations cont

• br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2021-03-30

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Atherosclerosis is the number one cause of death in the United States and among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally [1]. Inflammation is critical in all stages of atherosclerosis from the formation of a plaque in the ves

• The intracellular redox situation of MC T

  2021-03-30

  

  The intracellular redox situation of MC3T3-E1 TH588 after exposure with fluoride has been investigated and results revealed that the generation of ROS increased at a concentration-dependent manner, which indicated that NaF induced oxidative stress damage in MC3T3-E1 cells. Fluoride-mediated induceme

• br Introduction Accounting educators and professional accoun

  2021-03-29

  

  Introduction Accounting educators and professional accounting organizations have speculated that advanced placement (AP) may be an effective tool for recruiting high-quality students into accounting education programs (Deines, Bittner, & Eichman, 2012; The Pathways Commission, 2012), and it is n

• mdm2 inhibitor The mechanism underlying the increased PON le

  2021-03-29

  

  The mechanism underlying the increased PON1 levels found in greenhouse workers may be accounted for by an increased protein mdm2 inhibitor following pesticide interaction with different nuclear receptors as also occurs with other chemicals, such as polyphenols and statins [28]. A number of nuclear r

• It is not precisely known which of the intramolecular

  2021-03-29

  

  It is not precisely known which of the intramolecular interactions created by the SH2 domain, the SH3–SH2 linker and the SH2–kinase linker are essential for the catalytic activity of Csk or how these interactions regulate Csk activity. Thus far it has been shown that site-directed mutagenesis of SH3

• EC barrier dysfunction triggered by inflammatory mediators i

  2021-03-29

  

  EC barrier dysfunction triggered by inflammatory mediators involves more than one mechanism, explaining the partial attenuation of EC barrier compromise obtained with PKA and Epac activators. PKA-dependent phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) has been shown to make a posit

• br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments T

  2021-03-29

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Monika Kuhn for excellent technical assistance and Dr. Antje Schäfer for valuable scientific input. H.S. was supported by the DFG (FZ 82; Graduate School of Life Sciences and SCHI 425-6/1), and A.V.S. by Northwestern Univer

• The idea that ASB can drive compartment expansion in the

  2021-03-27

  

  The idea that ASB11 can drive compartment expansion in the CNS is further supported by in vitro work in human neuronal precursors. Nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced differentiation of PC12 pheochromocytoma 2 nbdg [11] and RA-induced human pluripotent teratocarcinoma carcinoma (NT2) cells [12] const

• DNA replication checkpoint kinases in both

  2021-03-27

  

  DNA replication checkpoint kinases in both yeast and human despite upregulate dNTP levels under replication stress to mediate their essential function at replication forks (Yeeles et al., 2013). It is possible that upregulation of dNTP levels under replication stress helps fork restart once replicat

• Saururus chinensis Lour Baill Saururaceae a perennial herb i

  2021-03-27

  

  Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. (Saururaceae), a perennial herb, is widely cultivated in China and southern Korea. It has been traditionally used as folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, jaundice and gonorrhea [8]. Previous chemical studies of S. chinensis have revealed the presence of

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