• br Conclusion Interactions between neurons and astrocytes de

  2022-06-05

  

  Conclusion Interactions between neurons and astrocytes depend on the spatial configuration of their contacts. Therefore, changes of astrocyte morphology may impact various physiological mechanisms ranging from glutamate uptake and potassium homeostasis to modulation of synaptic transmission and p

• Concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying transcription

  2022-06-05

  

  Concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of the GSTP1-1 gene expression we and others have characterized structural and functional properties of the human GSTP1-1 promoter. GSTP1-1 gene promoter activity is driven by a TATA-box [16] as well as Spl [16], [17], AP-1 [1

• Notably Cu labeled dimeric exendin

  2022-06-05

  

  Notably, 64Cu-labeled dimeric exendin-4 subunit, which was designated as 64Cu-Mal2Sar-(exendin-4)2, showed higher tumor uptake than that of the monomeric exendin-4 subunit [245]. Besides the most commonly-used GLP-1R agonists exendin-3 and -4 and their derivatives, exendin (9-39) exhibits strong bin

• In mice iNKT cells are most frequent

  2022-06-05

  

  In mice, iNKT cells are most frequent (20–30%) among liver T lymphocytes, while they only constitute 0.4–1% of the total T cells in thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, and intraepithelial lymphocytes. In humans, iNKT cells constitute approximately only a 0.1–0.2% of the peripheral blood T lymph

• Compound was synthesized in a

  2022-06-05

  

  Compound was synthesized in a racemic fashion with this study and plans for an enantioselective synthesis could be developed based on the activity of racemic . Synthesis of compound followed a slightly different synthetic route due to the ineffectuality of the S2 reaction on the secondary position

• br Results br Discussion The

  2022-06-05

  

  Results Discussion The twin-cysteine motif is an evolutionary conserved motif in all primate lentiviruses except HIV-1 and some strains of SIVcpz according to sequence analysis (Bohl et al., 2013). It is assumed that only those SIVcpz which have lost the twin-cysteines successfully evolved to

• No compounds in this series

  2022-06-05

  

  No compounds in this series showed any appreciable activity at GlyT2 and can thus be considered GlyT1-selective. For the GlyT2 IC was >20μM. To determine CNS penetration of -(2-(azepan-1-yl)-2-phenylethyl)-benzenesulfonamides, select compounds were evaluated in a cassette CNS exposure screen in ma

• Based on work from our

  2022-06-05

  

  Based on work from our labs with mGlu NAMs, and the ability of [3.3.0] systems, such as the octahydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrrole, to effectively mimic piperazines, we focused our attention on the potential bioisoteric replacement of the [3.1.0] system of and , as well as the piperidine of , with a [3.3.0]

• Like other RNA viruses HCV also

  2022-06-05

  

  Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits a high degree of genetic diversity, creating a major challenge for the development of both HCV vaccines and pan-genotypic therapeutics (Timm and Roggendorf, 2007). The virus has a total of seven genotypes, with >50 subtypes and millions of quasispecies (Cuype

• Although we showed that RBL

  2022-06-05

  

  Although we showed that RBL-2H3 Sc98 chlorpromazine hydrochloride took up histamine from the microenvironment, it was unclear which transporter mediated its passage across the plasma membrane. Other biogenic amines have selective transporters that belong to the neurotransmitter sodium symporter fam

• br Spatial working memory is GluR A

  2022-06-05

  

  Spatial working memory is GluR-A-dependent The radial maze task also allowed us to study hippocampus-dependent spatial working memory. On spatial working memory tasks, the correct spatial response that the animal must make varies from trial to trial and is dependent on some conditional, trial-spe

• gamma-Glu-Cys It was previously proposed that glucagon acts

  2022-06-05

  

  It was previously proposed that glucagon acts in the liver, in which a signal is produced and relayed to the gamma-Glu-Cys via vagal nerves [8], [36], [37]. The concept that the liver is the primary target site was supported by the studies reporting that the glucagon receptor is localized in the li

• br In vivo actions of GLP

  2022-06-05

  

  In vivo actions of GLP-1/GLP-1R agonists on the vascular endothelium Using contrast-enhanced ultrasound, male Sprague Dawley rats receiving an intravenous infusion of native GLP-1 (30 pmol/kg/min) for 2 h demonstrated significant improvements in both microvascular blood volume and microvascular b

• One effective approach to fine tuning

  2022-06-05

  

  One effective approach to fine-tuning the lipophilicity profile of FFA1 agonists is to ‘decorate’ the 3-phenylpropahoic palovarotene scaffold with polar heterocyclic moieties. Alternatively, this scaffold could be replaced with heterocyclic isosteres (as in Takeda’s compounds 1,2 and 3 as well as A

• br G protein coupled receptor GPR also known

  2022-06-02

  

  G-protein coupled receptor 40 (GPR40), also known as a free fatty Exo1 mg receptor, is dominantly expressed in pancreatic β cells and intestine K, L cells., . Besides, GPR40 is also reported to be expressed in brain, but its function is still unknown. It is well documented that GPR40 agonist is a

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