• ATX LPA signaling in cancer

  2025-02-01

  

  ATX/LPA signaling in cancer is also well known to promote chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance [7]. Furthermore, others have recently shown that endothelial-derived ATX activity in renal cell carcinoma promotes renal tumorgenesis and acquired resistance to sunitinib through an IL-8-mediated mech

• The interaction of ATR ATRIP with RPA coated ssDNA is

  2025-01-31

  

  The interaction of ATR-ATRIP with RPA-coated ssDNA is sufficient for ATR-ATRIP recruitment to DNA lesions, but it is not sufficient to fully activate ATR. In response to DNA damage, the heterotrimeric ring-shaped complex 9-1-1 (RAD9-RAD1-HUS1 in humans; Ddc1-Rad17-Mec3 in S. cerevisiae) is loaded at

• A key function of the reference AFST would

  2025-01-31

  

  A key function of the reference AFST would be to detect fungal resistance, i.e. to determine which antifungal agents are likely to be clinically inactive [2]. To this end, the epidemiological cut-off value, defined as ‘the upper end of the wild-type (WT) or beginning of the non-wild-type (NWT) MIC d

• Analyses of brain CSCs isolated from pediatric and

  2025-01-31

  

  Analyses of glycerophosphate CSCs isolated from 24 pediatric and six adult brain tumors detected ALDH levels proportional to tumor type and aggressiveness. ALDH-expressing cells (ALDH+) formed spheroids while ALDH1 pharmacological inhibition by a combination of DEAB and RA decreased significantly sp

• Nowadays more than kinases have been identified

  2025-01-27

  

  Nowadays, more than 500 kinases have been identified of human genome [2]. Imatinib (Gleevec) was the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia [3], and kinases have become an attractive target for the developme

• While the yeasts and see Glossary

  2025-01-27

  

  While the yeasts and (see Glossary) each contain only one Aurora homolog, Ipl1p (increase in ploidy 1) and Ark1 (Aurora-related kinase 1), respectively 5, 6, , and Xenopus laevis contain two Aurora kinases: Aurora A and Aurora B [4]. Mammals have three Aurora kinases, A, B, and C (Figure 1). In an

• The main function of ATR CHK signaling is

  2025-01-27

  

  The main function of ATR/CHK1 signaling is activating BAY 57-9352 checkpoint arrest for S and G2 phases in mammalian cells. There are three checkpoints in response to DNA damage: G1/S, G2/M, and S-phase. The G2/M checkpoint can prevent cells that incur DNA damage in G2 phase or progress into G2 pha

• dpn Oocytes from the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis have

  2025-01-27

  

  Oocytes from the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis have been widely used as an expression system to study the modulation of NMDA receptors by metabotropic receptors, such as metabotropic glutamate receptors [12], μ opioid receptors [13], insulin receptors [14] and serotonin receptors [15]. No data

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Cancer

  2025-01-27

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Cancer is a deadly disease of uncontrolled cell division and has the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body and affects normal functioning of the vital organs. Nowadays cancer is considered as leading cause of human death in all over the world and

• Chlorogenic acid an abundant polyphenol found in

  2025-01-27

  

  Chlorogenic Bilirubin (7), an abundant polyphenol found in coffee and the human diet, has various biological activities including antioxidant and anticancer effects [54]. Jiang et al. reported that compound 7 had a selective cytotoxic activity on human oral tumor cells (HSG, HSC-2) as compared with

• There are several AP binding sites in the sequence

  2025-01-27

  

  There are several AP-1 alk pathway in the sequence of TIMP-1 promoter [18,19]. EBV could up-regulate TIMP-1 expression by binding to the AP-1 site in the TIMP-1 promoter [18]. IL-32, a newly multi-function cytokine, could activate AP-1, NF-κβ, p38MAPK signal pathways, and induce cytokine expression

• br Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is

  2025-01-27

  

  Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is funded by the Chief Scientist Office of Scottish Government: Grants ETM-258 and ETM-382. BE is supported by an Erasmus scholarship (D -JENA01). Introduction The equine placenta is a noninvasive transient organ, classified as diffuse and epithel

• br AR mediated actions in cells of the vascular wall

  2025-01-27

  

  AR-mediated actions in Anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one of the vascular wall Sex hormones may influence the size and composition of atherosclerotic lesions indirectly by modifying systemic cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma lipids profiles and insulin sensitivity; this aspect of their act

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyo

  2025-01-27

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting Pyr3 expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing AMPK activi

• OCT also is known as POU F plays

  2025-01-26

  

  OCT4 (also is known as POU5F1) plays an important role in embryonic stem cell self-renewal, development and reprogram somatic cell into pluripotent stem cell [[5], [6], [7]]. Recently, many studies also find OCT4 promotes the progression of many tumors. For example, Wnt/β-catenin promotes the expans

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