• Chlorogenic acid an abundant polyphenol found in

  2025-01-27

  

  Chlorogenic Bilirubin (7), an abundant polyphenol found in coffee and the human diet, has various biological activities including antioxidant and anticancer effects [54]. Jiang et al. reported that compound 7 had a selective cytotoxic activity on human oral tumor cells (HSG, HSC-2) as compared with

• There are several AP binding sites in the sequence

  2025-01-27

  

  There are several AP-1 alk pathway in the sequence of TIMP-1 promoter [18,19]. EBV could up-regulate TIMP-1 expression by binding to the AP-1 site in the TIMP-1 promoter [18]. IL-32, a newly multi-function cytokine, could activate AP-1, NF-κβ, p38MAPK signal pathways, and induce cytokine expression

• br Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is

  2025-01-27

  

  Acknowledgement Work in the McEwan Laboratory is funded by the Chief Scientist Office of Scottish Government: Grants ETM-258 and ETM-382. BE is supported by an Erasmus scholarship (D -JENA01). Introduction The equine placenta is a noninvasive transient organ, classified as diffuse and epithel

• br AR mediated actions in cells of the vascular wall

  2025-01-27

  

  AR-mediated actions in Anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one of the vascular wall Sex hormones may influence the size and composition of atherosclerotic lesions indirectly by modifying systemic cardiovascular risk factors such as plasma lipids profiles and insulin sensitivity; this aspect of their act

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyo

  2025-01-27

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting Pyr3 expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing AMPK activi

• OCT also is known as POU F plays

  2025-01-26

  

  OCT4 (also is known as POU5F1) plays an important role in embryonic stem cell self-renewal, development and reprogram somatic cell into pluripotent stem cell [[5], [6], [7]]. Recently, many studies also find OCT4 promotes the progression of many tumors. For example, Wnt/β-catenin promotes the expans

• br ABCA is a sterol responsive gene The

  2025-01-26

  

  ABCA2 is a sterol-responsive gene The first evidence to demonstrate that ABCA2 expression responded to sterol loading was provided in an experiment involving monocyte to macrophage differentiation in vitro. Upon sterol loading with enzymatically degraded LDL (eLDL), ABCA2 expression increased onl

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgments The

  2025-01-26

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgments The authors are thankful to Hugo Santos, Olga Martinez and Ricardo Lacerda for the technical assistance provided in the maintenance of the aquaria. This work was supported by national funds, through FCT and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

• br Discussion The measurement of gonadotropins

  2025-01-26

  

  Discussion The measurement of TNP-ATP triethylammonium salt (FSH, LH) is critical in the evaluation and assessment of 46,XX females presenting with primary amenorrhea and lack of pubertal development. A serum level of FSH higher than 40 U/L is diagnostic of ovarian failure (6), as seen in the pr

• In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal physiolo

  2025-01-26

  

  In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal physiology, given the importance of GLUT4-dependent glucose uptake and glucose-dependent fatty AP 18 mg synthesis for systemic metabolic homeostasis (Herman and Kahn, 2006, Herman et al., 2012), deletion of Acly in adipocytes results in a surprisi

• SM-164 Our results clearly demonstrate that

  2025-01-26

  

  Our results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of ATM pathway activation results in resistance to Vγ2Vδ2 T cell-mediated cell death. Therefore, enhancing ATM activation along with Vγ2Vδ2 T cell treatment would promote the cytotoxicity of resistant ovarian cancer cells. To our knowledge, this is the

• br Conclusions br Author declaration br Acknowledgements br

  2025-01-26

  

  Conclusions Author declaration Acknowledgements Introduction ASK1 scaffolding proteins ASK1 adaptor proteins Conclusions Scaffolding and adaptor proteins can coordinate the specific activation of a MAP3K-MAP2K-MAPK pathway in response to various stimuli. For example, both imipra

• Calcineurin has been established to

  2025-01-26

  

  Calcineurin has been established to be a ubiquitous Ca2+-activated serine phosphatase in the nervous system (Pyrzynska et al., 2001). It has been reported that the activation of calcineurin protects aromatase from autophagy-mediated protein degradation, implying that calcineurin-dependent dephosphor

• The regulation of gene expression by glucocorticoids can be

  2025-01-26

  

  The regulation of gene expression by glucocorticoids can be mediated either by the canonical mechanism that involves the interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor activated by the hormone, with glucocorticoid response element (Ye et al., 2007), or by the non-canonical m

• In addition unconventional mechanisms of internalization can

  2025-01-24

  

  In addition, unconventional mechanisms of internalization cannot be ignored. It is generally believed that the conventional homologous internalization of a GPCR depends on the activation of G proteins, since GRK activation requires the pre-activation of G proteins (Fig. 2). Feng et al. demonstrated

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